Cat Health in Dubai: Top Diseases Every Owner Should Know

Cats in Dubai live in a unique environment. The hot climate, urban lifestyle, and presence of stray cats all play a role in feline health. While many pets in the UAE receive excellent veterinary care, illnesses can still occur. Knowing the most common diseases and their warning signs helps cat owners react quickly and protect their pets.

In this guide, we look at the illnesses most often seen in cats, how to spot them early, and what owners in Dubai should keep in mind. From parasites like fleas and worms to more serious conditions such as diabetes or viral infections, awareness is the first step toward prevention and timely treatment.

The Most Common Cat Illnesses

Vomiting and Digestive Issues

Vomiting is one of the most frequent problems in cats. Causes range from hairballs, dietary issues, or parasites to more serious conditions like kidney disease or diabetes. Occasional vomiting may not be alarming, but repeated episodes can quickly cause dehydration and should be checked by a vet.

Urinary Tract Problems (FLUTD, Harnsteine)

Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) and urinary stones are common, especially in overweight or stressed cats. Symptoms include straining to urinate, blood in the urine, frequent trips to the litter box, or urinating in unusual places. If a cat cannot urinate at all, it is a medical emergency. Clean water, a balanced diet, and a stress-free environment help reduce risks.

Fleas, Worms and Parasites

Fleas are very common, especially for cats that spend time outdoors. They cause itching, hair loss, and skin irritation, and they can also transmit tapeworms. Worms such as roundworms, hookworms, or tapeworms affect the intestines and may lead to vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, or bloating. Regular deworming and flea prevention are essential, even for indoor cats in Dubai, since parasites can be brought into homes on shoes or clothing.

Read more about Cat Worm Symptoms and How to deworm your Cat?

Diabetes and Hormonal Disorders

Diabetes is a growing problem, particularly in overweight or older cats. Typical signs include excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and lethargy. Diabetes requires veterinary care, usually with insulin and a controlled diet. Another common hormonal disorder is hyperthyroidism, especially in cats over eight years. It often shows through weight loss despite increased appetite, restlessness, and vomiting.

Cancer and Chronic Diseases

Cats can develop different types of cancer, from lymphoma to skin tumors. Older cats are at higher risk, and symptoms may include lumps, unexplained weight loss, lethargy, or changes in appetite. While not always curable, early detection and veterinary treatment can improve quality of life. Chronic conditions such as kidney disease or heart problems are also common in aging cats.

Upper Respiratory Infections and Cat Flu

Cat flu (similar to a cold in humans but more serious) is widespread, especially in shelters or multi-cat households. It is usually caused by feline herpesvirus or calicivirus. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal discharge, watery eyes, fever, and loss of appetite. Vaccination is the best prevention, and treatment focuses on easing symptoms and preventing complications.

FIV, FeLV and FIP (Viral Infections)

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): Weakens the immune system and makes cats prone to infections. Spread mainly through bites.
More information about FIV and our own experience with a FIV-positive cat: FIV in Cats.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): A leading cause of cancer and immune suppression in cats. Spread through saliva, grooming, and shared bowls.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): Caused by a mutated coronavirus, often fatal. Symptoms may include fever, weight loss, and fluid buildup in the abdomen.

These viruses are serious but can often be prevented through testing, vaccination (FeLV), and keeping cats indoors.

Skin Conditions: Ringworm, Allergies and Dermatitis

Ringworm is a fungal infection that causes circular bald spots and scaly skin. It spreads easily to humans and other pets. Allergies, flea bites, and dermatitis can also trigger skin problems such as itching, redness, or hair loss. Treatment depends on the cause and often includes antifungal or anti-parasite medication.

Eye Problems and Dental Issues (FORL, Gingivitis)

Cats often hide dental pain, but diseases like gingivitis or FORL (a painful resorptive lesion where teeth dissolve) are common. Signs include drooling, bad breath, or dropping food. Eye problems like conjunctivitis, discharge, or cloudy eyes are also frequent and should be checked by a vet to prevent long-term damage.

Heartworm and High-Rise Syndrome in Dubai

Although heartworm is more common in dogs, cats can also be affected. It is transmitted by mosquitoes, which are present in the UAE. Symptoms include coughing, breathing difficulties, or sudden collapse. Prevention medication is available.

Early Warning Signs and Symptoms

Cats are experts at hiding pain and illness. In Dubai’s busy city life, it’s easy to miss small changes, but early detection is key. Watch for these warning signs:

Changes in appetite: eating much less or more than usual.
Drinking more water or urinating more often – possible signs of diabetes or kidney disease. Read: How much should cats drink per day?
Vomiting or diarrhea that lasts longer than a day.
Lethargy or sudden hyperactivity that doesn’t fit your cat’s usual behavior.
Coughing, sneezing, or nasal discharge – possible signs of cat flu or respiratory infections.
Weight loss despite good appetite – can signal hyperthyroidism or worms.
Skin or coat changes: bald patches, flaky skin, dull fur, or excessive scratching.
Eye problems: redness, discharge, or squinting.
Pain signs: hiding more, becoming aggressive, or showing sensitivity when touched.

If any of these symptoms appear, especially repeatedly, it’s time to visit a vet. Dubai has many modern veterinary clinics that can provide quick tests and early treatment, which often makes a big difference.

Vaccinations and Preventive Care

Prevention is one of the most important aspects of keeping cats healthy in Dubai. The climate, high density of pets in urban areas, and stray cat populations make preventive care essential.

Core Vaccinations for Cats:

Rabies: Legally required in Dubai. Protects both cats and humans.
Feline Panleukopenia (Katzenseuche): Highly contagious and often fatal without vaccination.
Feline Herpesvirus & Calicivirus (Katzenschnupfen): Protects against cat flu, which is common in multi-cat households and shelters.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): Recommended especially for outdoor cats or those in contact with other cats.

Other Preventive Measures:

Deworming: Regular deworming treatments are needed, as worms can also spread indoors.
Flea and tick control: Important even for indoor cats, since parasites can be brought into homes on clothes or shoes.
Heartworm prevention: Considered for cats in Dubai due to mosquitoes. Ask your vet for appropriate medication.
Routine check-ups: Annual visits are essential, while older cats may benefit from biannual exams.

Why this matters in Dubai:
The UAE’s hot climate and urban density mean that parasites and viral infections spread quickly. Stray cats are common and can be carriers of many diseases. Vaccinating and protecting your cat not only keeps them safe but also helps the wider community by reducing disease risks.

Keeping Indoor Cats Healthy in a Hot Climate

Dubai’s extreme heat can affect cats, even if they live indoors. High indoor temperatures, air conditioning, and dry air create unique health challenges. Here are a few key tips:

Temperature control: Keep your home at a comfortable, stable temperature. Cats can overheat quickly if air conditioning fails.
Hydration: Always provide fresh, cool water. Consider multiple bowls or cat water fountains to encourage drinking.
Indoor enrichment: Boredom and stress can weaken immunity. Use scratching posts, climbing trees, and interactive toys to keep cats active.
Parasite protection: Even indoor cats in Dubai should be protected from fleas, ticks, and worms, as these can enter the home on shoes or through windows.
Diet and weight control: Indoor cats are more prone to obesity. Feed a balanced diet and avoid excessive treats.
Safe windows and balconies: High-rise syndrome is a real risk in Dubai. Install sturdy screens or nets to prevent falls. Read: How to cat-safe your balcony in Dubai.

By focusing on these aspects, you can ensure your indoor cat stays healthy and safe in the hot, urban climate.

Conclusion

Caring for cats in Dubai requires a mix of awareness, prevention, and quick action. From common illnesses like cat flu and diabetes to serious threats such as FeLV or FIP, early detection and regular vet visits are crucial. Vaccinations, parasite control, and preventive care build the foundation for a healthy life.

In Dubai’s climate and environment, even indoor cats face risks. By providing hydration, enrichment, and protection from heat and parasites, you give your cat the best chance to stay happy and disease-free.

Key takeaway: Regular check-ups, a proper vaccination schedule, and close observation of symptoms are the best ways to keep your feline friend healthy in Dubai.